Amerigo Vespucci :: essays research papers

Amerigo Vespucci Amerigo Vespucci, an Italian traveler was conceived in Florence, Italy in the year of 1454. Florence was a decent city to experience childhood in for youthful Amerigo, in light of the fact that of the developing enthusiasm for the field of investigation. A portion of the grown-ups told youthful Amerigo about the marvels and wealth of the Indies. Like the other Italian young men in his town, without a doubt Amerigo was intrigued with by those stories. Â Â Â Â Â Amerigo lived in the Ognissanti segment of Florence with a great deal of the Vespucci family. The Vespucci family was quite wealthy, so Amerigo thought that he was in line for a ton of cash after his dad's passing, yet his sibling Antonio was profoundly preferred over the remainder of the kids. The majority of the Vespuccis living with Amerigo were traders managing in wine, olive oil, or fleece. Not the entirety of the Vespuccis were traders, a little level of the Vespuccis were brokers. The entirety of the family preferred craftsmanship and learning, verse and music just like the remainder of the Florentines. The leader of these intriguing Florentines was Lorenzo de' Medicior, who was additionally know as Lorenzo the Magnificant. Â Â Â Â Â When Amerigo was more established, yet at the same time a youngster, his dad Antastagio Vespucci sent him to the Monestary of San Marco to concentrate with his uncle Giorgio. In his new school, Amerigo alongside the other European young men learned Latin, math, language structure, history, Italian and Greek Literature, topography and stargazing. Amerigo figured out how to adore space science, since he was intrigued pretty much the entirety of the shapes the stars made, that his uncle called groups of stars. Amerigo thought about going about the Earth, yet he believed it to be incomprehensible, in light of the fact that he was tought in school that the equator was a ring of fire that made the waters bubble there. Â Â Â Â Â Amerigo's expectations of venturing to the far corners of the planet were gotten progressively sensible over time. The main thing that started this was the innovation of the caravel, a light, tight, 60 to 70 foot pontoon. The Portugese, that began making this pontoon had figured out how to fix the caravels to cruise well against the breezes and flows of the unpleasant seas. Another rude awakening occured when Amerigo was 19. What happend was the Portugese at long last cruised to the equator and found no bubbling oceans, which demonstrated the Roman hypothesis that youthful Amerigo was instructed in school wrong. However, at that point came a period in his life that Amerigo acknowledged he could never

Spirituality in Shakespeares Hamlet Essay -- GCSE Coursework Shakespe

  â â Can anybody deny the otherworldliness inside the Shakespearean catastrophe Hamlet? Truly, some abstract pundits do. In any case, most pundits concur with the conflict of this paper †that there is extensive otherworldliness present in the play. In his article â€Å"Hamlet: His Own Falstaff,† Harold Goddard sees that Hamlet was made for â€Å"religion† and a few different purposes: He [Hamlet] was made, that is, for religion and theory, for adoration and workmanship, for freedom to â€Å"grow unto himself† †five powers that are the natural adversaries of Force. What's more, this man is called upon to murder. It is as though Jesus had been solicited to assume the job from Napoleon (as the allurement in the wild proposes that in some sense he was). In the event that Jesus had been, should he to have acknowledged it? The craziness of the inquiry prompts the account of the most abnormal of all the odd realities throughout the entire existence of Hamlet: the reality, to be specific, that about all perusers, reporters, and pundits are concurred in believing that it was Hamlet’s obligation to slaughter, that he should without a doubt to have executed a lot of sooner than he. (12)  Goddard’s featuring of the fundamental inquiry basic the account of the play †an ethical inquiry †demonstrates the otherworldly nature ofâ Hamlet. Not all pundits welcome the otherworldliness in Hamlet. A.C. Bradley’s Shakespearean Tragedy: Lectures on Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and Macbeth presents an alternate understanding in regards to the nearness of otherworldliness inside the play:  For in spite of the fact that either dramatis persona may talk about divine beings or of God, of malice spirits or of Satan, of paradise and of heck, and in spite of the fact that the artist may give us apparitions from a different universe, these thoughts don't substantially impact his portrayal of life, nor are they utilized... ...Tragedies.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Rpt. from Shakespeare’s Women. N.p.: n.p., 1981.  Rosenberg, Marvin. â€Å"Laertes: An Impulsive however Earnest Young Aristocrat.† Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Wear Nardo. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. from The Masks of Hamlet. Newark, NJ: University of Delaware Press, 1992.  Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http://www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/village/full.html  West, Rebecca. â€Å"A Court and World Infected by the Disease of Corruption.† Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Wear Nardo. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. from The Court and the Castle. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1957.  Wilson, John Dover. What occurs in Hamlet. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1959.

June 17 Recruiting Reception in D.C. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

June 17 Recruiting Reception in D.C. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog On Thursday, June 17th in Washington, D.C. SIPA will join four other policy schools for an evening reception for prospective applicants featuring admissions representatives, alumni, and current students enrolled in our programs.   The event will be held at the Johns Hopkins Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies. The other schools attending are: • Georgetown University â€" Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service • Johns Hopkins University â€" Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies • Princeton University â€" Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs • Tufts University â€" Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy The doors will open at 6:00 P.M. and the main event will take place from 6:30 P.M. to 7:30 P.M.   There will be some brief presentations, followed by mingling with drinks and light hors d’oeuvres and the event should conclude around 8:00 P.M. The address of the event is: Johns Hopkins University Paul H. Nitze Building, Kenney Auditorium 1740 Massachussetts Avenue Washington, D.C. 20036 There is no charge to attend the event, but you must register to attend. You can register for the event by clicking here.

Essay on David Humes Theory of Knowledge - 858 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Knowledge is gained only through experience, and experiences only exist in the mind as individual units of thought. This theory of knowledge belonged to David Hume, a Scottish philosopher. Hume was born on April 26, 1711, as his family’s second son. His father died when he was an infant and left his mother to care for him, his older brother, and his sister. David Hume passed through ordinary classes with great success, and found an early love for literature. He lived on his family’s estate, Ninewells, near Edinburgh. Throughout his life, literature consumed his thoughts, and his life is little more than his works. By the age of 40, David Hume had been employed twice and had failed at the family careers,†¦show more content†¦David Hume discovered he was literary celebrity when visiting France in 1763. He retired to Edinburgh in 1769 and lived a happy life. He passed away August 25, 1776 and left in his will that he only wanted his name a nd date on his gravestone, â€Å"leaving it to posterity to add the rest,† (Langley 415). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Skepticism is the belief that people can not know the nature of things because perception reveals things not as they are, but as we experience them. In other words, knowledge is never known in truth, and humans should always question it. David Hume advanced skepticism to what he called mitigated skepticism. Mitigated skepticism was his approach to try to rid skepticism of the thoughts of human origin, and only include questions that people may begin to understand. Hume’s goal was to limit philosophical questioning to things which could be comprehended. Empiricism states that knowledge is based on experience, so everything that is known is learned through experience, but nothing is ever truly known. David Hume called lively and strong experiences, perceptions, and less lively events, beliefs or thoughts. Different words and concepts meant different things to different people due to the knowledge, or experiences they have. He believed, along with the fact that knowledge is only gained through experience, that a person’s experiences are nothing more than the contents of his or her own consciousness. The knowledge of anything comes from the wayShow MoreRelatedDavid Hume ´s Philosophy Essay875 Words   |  4 Pages Hume’s Epistemology David Hume was a Scottish philosopher known for his ideas of skepticism and empiricism. Hume strived to better develop John Locke’s idea of empiricism by using a scientific study of our own human nature. We cannot lean on common sense to exemplify human conduct without offering any clarification to the subject. In other words, Hume says that since human beings do, as a matter of fact, live and function in this world, observation of how humans do so is imminent. The primaryRead MoreThe Spread Of Empiricism By Isaac Newton1067 Words   |  5 PagesNewton’s astounding achievements in the field of science contributed to the birth of empiricism. This was the belief that knowledge acquired through sense experience is the only true meaningful knowledge. This idea began in Britain and spread all the way to Scotland and even Ireland. Philosophers such as David Hume developed radical ideas supporting these beliefs. Descartes theory regarding clockwork universe inspired others to further investigate the countless mysteries in nature. By 1687, Isaac NewtonRead MoreComparative Essay David Hume vs. John Locke1050 Words   |  5 PagesComparing John Locke against David Hume : Empiricism John Locke and David Hume, both great empiricist philosophers who radically changed the way people view ideas and how they come about. Although similar in their beliefs, the two have some quite key differences in the way they view empiricism. Locke believed in causality, and used the example of the mental observation of thinking to raise your arm, and then your arm raising, whereas Hume believed that causality is not something that can be knownRead MoreDavid Hume And Renee Descartes s Theories Of Knowledge And Ideas1356 Words   |  6 PagesPhilosophers David Hume and Renee Descartes have opposing views about the origination of ideas. Hume claims that all ideas are copies of impressions, which come from sensation. Descartes disagrees with this, arguing that in order to obtain knowledge, there must be a rational method for obtaining it, and that the senses are not a reliable source. This essay will present both philosopher’s arguments and compare and contrast each perspective regarding matters of knowledge and ideas. I will then argueRead MoreHumes Ethics1047 Words   |  5 PagesHume’s Ethics Contents 1. Introduction 2. Hume’s ethics as an emotive theory of ethics 3. Conclusion 4. Bibliography David Hume is an outstanding Scottish philosopher of the 18th century whose views has a significant impact on the following generations of thinkers throughout the world. His sceptical arguments concerning induction, causation and especially religion, including his famous thesis that human knowledge arises only from sense experience and not from rational judgments, shaped theRead MoreDavid Hume s Theory Of Cognitive Structure1415 Words   |  6 Pagesthese philosophers is David Hume who is his book An Inquiry Concerning Human Understanding, claims that reasoning cannot demonstrate that things in the world exist therefore, all we can really know are our sense perceptions. An obvious flaw that is seen with Hume’s philosophy is that he reduces all knowledge to sense perceptions gained from experience. As Hume’s theory is limited to sense perception, another philosopher by the name of Bernard Lonergan demonstrates how Hume’s theory is inadequate andRead MoreDavid Hu me Essay1210 Words   |  5 PagesDavid Hume Hume, David, 1711-76, Scottish philosopher and historian. Hume carried the empiricism of John Locke and George Berkeley to the logical extreme of radical skepticism. He repudiated the possibility of certain knowledge, finding in the mind nothing but a series of sensations, and held that cause-and-effect in the natural world derives solely from the conjunction ofRead MoreBerkeleys and Humes Philosophy About God Essay1565 Words   |  7 PagesBerkeleys and Humes Philosophy about God When people think about empiricists, they usually discuss views of great philosophers such as George Berkeley and David Hume. Empiricists believe that all knowledge comes from the senses. Rationalists, on the other hand, believe that we can gain knowledge through the inspection of innate ideas. Although Berkeley and Hume are both empiricists, they still have different opinions about the existence of God. Berkeleys philosophy uses God as the central figureRead MoreDescartes v Hume Essay1542 Words   |  7 Pagesconcept makes distinct one entity from another. Rationalism is the theory that truth can be derived through use of reason alone. Empiricism, a rival theory, asserts that truth must be established by sensual experience: touch, taste, smell, et al. Rene Descartes, a philosopher and rationalist concluded that one self was merely a continuous awareness of one’s own existence; one’s substance was one’s ability to think. On the other hand, David Hume, an empiric ist refuted Descartes conclusion and claimed thatRead MoreDavid Hume s Theory Of The Principle Of Cause And Effect909 Words   |  4 Pagesto accept David Hume’s account of the principle of cause and effect, then it would follow that modern science lacks foundation and is therefore wrong. In a society focused on progress and heavily based on science, the repercussions of science being unusable would be astronomical. It would call into question all aspects of daily life, as well as the past, present, and future of humanity. However, if one were to focus on a single aspect of the scientific method, namely developing theories, then perhaps

Identifiable Criminal Behavior Modus Operandi And Signature

Modus Operandi In criminal forensic behavioral analysis there are two identifiable criminal behavior that Modus Operandi and Signature. Modus Operandi and a criminal’s signature the two terms that have similarities however the terms represent totally different criminal behavior (van Gijn, E. L., Lamb, M. E., 2013). In general all criminals have Modus Operandi because this is someone peculiarities in behavior, however not every criminal have a signature which is a particular mark or stamp left to exemplify their presence on a crime scene. Let review the brief history of both terms. Let’s begin with the term Modus Operandi which means the particular way someone does something in the criminal justice system it is used to describe the â€Å"behavioral strategies criminals use to obtain and retain their victims† thing the criminal believes work (Bartol, Bartol, 2016). Everyone has habit or techniques they used to complete a task this is the same when committing a crime. There are three major perpetration of a crime in order when a criminal is engaging in a criminal activity number one mapping out ways to complete the crime, number two have an escape a way to get out, and lastly having a way to avoid capture (Bartol, Bartol, 2016).. While engaging in the criminal offense criminals tend to form or show habits or patterns, which can be detected by forensic phycologist or the investigator. Serial offenders often prefect their Modus Operandi they evolve from their mistake the

The impacts of Elvis Presley Free Essays

The impacts of Elvis Presley can be divided into several groups. Firstly is the impact in terms of the amount of sales that he made. He made 6 hit singles, at the time he had only been going for 10 months. We will write a custom essay sample on The impacts of Elvis Presley or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is more that any artist would hope to get in their whole career. His popularity among the younger generations also helps to see the impact the he has made, someone noticed that there was a market for music aimed towards younger generations, so they set out looking for someone; this meant that he had no competition when he was released onto the market. Because of this the impact seemed a lot greater, there had never been anything like it. Among adults there was also outrage because it went against everything that they believed to be right and good. The outrage meant that it must be cool to like him so his popularity grew. He also had a long term impact in that it wasn’t just the music. You could get toys and films, records and books. All of this added to the impact of him on U.S society. The next thing to consider is whether it was down to his music. Whatever anyone says it was clear that he had amazing talent; this doesn’t mean that everyone liked him but everyone acknowledged that it had its place. He was deemed â€Å"A white man that can sing like a black man†, he was something different and in this time there was no one else like him. The amount of sales from his records also helps to give evidence supporting this. He made it to number to in the company’s charts in a very short time shows how effective his music was. His unique dancing style meant that people were attracted to him. If they didn’t like him they still watched to see what all of the commotion was about. The fact that he appealed to the younger generations was the main reason for his success. The media, in particular the TV meant that he was always in the public eye. When he went onto the Milton Berle show for the first time they managed to knock Sergeant Bilko off of the top ratings. Everyone watched because the children liked him and the adults just had to see this controversy. The fact that he was followed all through his service in the army meant that he was given allot of credit. They saw his every move and everything he did. This built a lot of credit for him even amongst the adults. Then when he left the army he went straight into a TV special with Frank Sinatra. This meant that he had never really left the public eye, because he was still popular enough to do TV specials. There are other things that helped though; firstly there was a huge gap in the market where teenagers were concerned. This meant that there were many opportunities to offer something for the teenagers and because there was nothing else there would be no competition. They also had a greater chance of any bands released for the teenagers being liked. Marketing also played a big role in his impact on society. The amount of money that went into selling him was incredible. Everywhere that a teenager went there was something to remind you of the â€Å"King† Posters, billboards and TV’s shop windows. A third thing that would have helped his impact is the wealth of the US. After World War 2 they were the only country to make it out with a profit. Teenagers as a result were able to spend à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½7billion a year on clothes and records. This meant that there was allot of money available to spend. If people have this much money to waste as a country, the normal thing to do is spend it on something fashionable. The final thing that helped him to become so popular is the films that he stared in. There were so many of them and so many people went to see them, even if he was the worst actor ever and the plots were all the same. This meant that for the first time ever there were films specifically directed at the younger generation, adults didn’t approve so the most sensible thing to do was to go and see it, if only to annoy the adults. So all in all there are there are many reasons why his impact on society was so great. I think that it can best be described as a combination of things. His films and TV specials all help towards making him popular, but I think that the thing to remember is people ultimately know him for his music. This is why I believe that his impact on society was so great. If you think about all of the other things, they only came because of the music, he was only found because he could sing. How to cite The impacts of Elvis Presley, Papers

Evaluate methods for managing children’s behaviour and how these may affect teaching and learning free essay sample

Evaluate methods for managing children’s behaviour and how these may affect teaching and learning Any methods used when managing children’s behaviour should be proactive rather than reactive: If a child is, being verbally challenging and you engage a conversation and react to the behaviour the matter will escalate, being proactive by thinking and assessing the situation before you speak, being aware that your body language is positive, be calm and talk in a soothing voice, let the child know that they can choose which way to behave, remind them that there can be consequences for their behaviour and how it can affect others. This can help defuse a situation and therefore stop any disruption in the learning environment. â€Å"To eliminate threats from your verbal comments when managing challenging behaviour means not simply being aware of the words you are using, but also being fully prepared and planned in your styles of approach. We will write a custom essay sample on Evaluate methods for managing children’s behaviour and how these may affect teaching and learning or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There is far more chance of you using threats (comments you are not prepared to back up) when you are unplanned, flustered or facing a challenge to your management style and authority.†(Stott, D, 2009, online) The school behaviour policy should have set guidelines to be followed, of rewards and sanctions, offering rewards for good behaviour can have a positive effect on learning, however the child must be aware that they will not always be given rewards, otherwise they may only work when they think that they will get a reward and not at other times. The sanctions can help manage children’s behaviour, if the sanctions are used they should be followed through, not just used as a threat if the children are ‘threatened ‘ with sanctions often this can have a negative effect in their behaviour and can make matter worse within the teaching environment. Before using the sanctions talking with the child and letting them know their behaviour can have an effect on others around them. You must be consistent when using the sanctions if you aren’t the child will be getting mixed messages, this could produce more disruption in the classroom. In some cases the child’s behaviour could be caused by medical problems or a disability that has been undetected, this must be taken into consideration if schoolwork seems affected and behaviour unacceptable. If this has been ongoing, the school should have strategies in place to try and see if there is any undetected problems and deal with them, but even when  this is the case the child must know that they are expected to follow the rules of the classroom as not to disrupt others when working. There maybe times when a child’s behaviour is affecting their peers and disrupting lessons, this could be caused because the child is bored: the lessons being too easy or too hard: â€Å"Sometimes, kids with behavioural problems can have a hard time staying on task for lengthy periods of time, which can make it difficult for them to achieve academic excellence. Its not that children with behavioural problems or behaviour disorders are less intelligent than their peers (actually, quite the contrary is true many kids with behavioural problems are highly intelligent), but their inability to follow direction and focus their attention can make it hard for them to meet their full potential.†(2009, online). It is the responsibility of the school to ensure that each child is fulfilling their potential for learning, when this could be the case the child should be assessed to see if they are working in a group that is not at their learning level , be it higher or lower.

The Wicker Husband Essay Example

The Wicker Husband Paper Analysis of The Wicker Husband How do you feel when you see someone happy? Do you envy them or wonder what they have that you do not? Do you wish to covet what they have? Wishing to have something another has is a true human emotion. This human emotion Is jealousy and this is the primary theme portrayed by the villagers in Ursula Wills-Jones short story entitled The Wicker Husband. As I look back at the story, It amazes me that almost all of the seven deadly sins present themselves before the story ends. Seven Deadly Sins The ugly girl appears Ill favored to the villagers. Her demeanor changes drastically once time has passed with the wicker husband she purchased from the basket maker. Here we see pride showing Its face In the story. As for the women of the village, they became Jealous that someone so ugly and undeserving should have the perfect husband with whatever magic the basket maker wove Into him. Displayed here are acts of new. The women begin to want what they do not have from their cabanas and wish for them to act accordingly. This is a sign of greed on the part of the village wives. The women of the village display discontent with their husbands, which begins to stir up questions in their husbands minds. Were the women of the village displaying lust after the wicker husband? The entire village conspires to partake in unethical acts becoming vicious in order to sabotage the ugly girls marriage. Acts of gluttony and wrath are apparent. The basket maker displayed rata when seeing how his creation, the wicker husband, was mistreated. We will write a custom essay sample on The Wicker Husband specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Wicker Husband specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Wicker Husband specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer When the basket maker proposed creating his last masterwork, a wicker lady, thoughts of sloth immersed among the villagers. In the end, when the wicker lady was accepted by the villagers and the basket maker, the ugly girl, the wicker husband, and the wicker baby had all disappeared, it was the villagers Jealousy that had left all of them to experience their own losses. The villagers created their own misery by trying to take away someone elses happiness.

The Path

The Path I have a mantra I preach at conferences, where writers are looking to me for advice on making a dollar at this writing thing. The fact is there isnt one path to writing, there isnt one income stream (unless you take a full-time job as a writer), and whatever path youre on will unexpectedly twist, turn and fork. Any assignment, contest, publication credit or gig can alter your direction, giving you options you never imagined. And if youre so set on a given journey you just might overlook opportunity, because sometimes it subtly taps your shoulder as its whisking past. The shrewd writer stays tuned for chances. Others sit back, waiting for opportunity to knock on the door, show its business card, and dump buckets of money at their feet. This business is as much about staying keen and open to opportunity as it is about writing. A contest, even with an entry fee of $25, might give the finalists publication on top of the prize money. That publishing credit might grab the attention of another publication, editor or agent. But if you fear contests, how will you know? Whoosh.there goes opportunity. Your grant application might not achieve the $2,000 you seek, but a panelist judge could remember your name for a different opportunity down the road. The magazine feature you wrote just to put a few bucks in your pocket while you hammer your novel could add several hundred people to your platform, newsletter or Facebook page. As Im fond of preaching, more people read your magazine article in a weekend than will read your book in a year. Your crowdfunding project can open doors to agents and publishers, build platform, and add oomph to your resume as youre pitching for gigs. A speaking engagement can land you three others, freelance writing gigs, an opportunity to sell your books, even acquire more reviews on Amazon that could raise your rankings. All of the funding opportunities out there are easily entangled tangled in a good way. But if you keep seeing your profession as a straight and narrow path to success, youll wake up one day lost, with your missed opportunities in someone elses pocket. Eyes open, people. Study all your writing options. If I hadnt entered contests, my agent would not have signed me. If I hadnt spoken to a small town radio station one cold morning, I would not have landed the three other speaking events, and a request to stock my books in an indie bookstore. You get the picture. The Path The Path The Path-Goal Theory and Leadership Essay Reading 092215 A great deal of research has has been designed to study directive and supportive leadership, but few studies address participative and achievement oriented leadership. The claims of the path-goal theory remain tentative because the research findings to date do not provide s full and consistent picture of the basic assumptions and corollaries of path-goal theory (Evans, 1996; Jermier, 1996, Schriesheim & Neider, 1996). A total of 482 results were retrieved from 120 studies that were found in 103 articles and monograms, dissertations, and unpublished manustripts giving the researchers a total sample sixe of 83,105. An appropriate instrument has yet to be identified that could measure suppportive and achievement-oriented†¦.Previous instruments used varied ..the correleations varied too mush. Thus, moderator analyses were conducted only for studies that used instruments that did not obtain different mean correlations for a given relationship. Clearly, it is unfornuate that a single, appropriate instrument was not identified early and used uniformly for testing path-goal theories. Suggests that future studies should include measurement of the leadership behaviors from different sources than those used for measurement of the dependent variable. The common method variance problem operated for most of the studies. Except for the studies that used the Leadership Opinion Questionnaire (LOQ) instrument, sugjective measures of both the independent and dependent variable were obtained from subordinated. Even the performance measures were subjectively assessed in all but three of the studies. The lead ership behaviors should involve different sources. Woffard and Criska, 1993). Evans, M. G. (1996). M. G. (1996). R. J. House’s â€Å"A path-goal theory of leader effectiveness.† Leadership Quarterly, 7(3), 305-309. Jermier, J. M. (1996). The path-goal theory of leadership: A subtextual analysis.

Consent of the govern Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Consent of the govern - Essay Example However, consent should be adequate in order that individuals will honor their obligations. What then is an adequate form of consent? An adequate form of consent should be one that was given voluntarily by a person. It must not be given out of coercion. It should be stated explicitly and expressly. In order for consent to be adequate, the person giving it should have complete knowledge of the consequences of his decision. The state of mind and the maturity of the person must be considered (Mclean, 112). As an example, contracts entered into under duress do not constitute an adequate form of consent simply because it was not given freely and would not have been given had there been no pressure applied on the person. In fact, the contract could be considered voidable in those cases. Further the practice of giving consent should be legitimate in itself, that is, it should be acceptable to the existing political authority (Mclean, 112). Work Cited Dunn, John. â€Å"Consent in the Politi cal Theory of John Locke†. The Historical Journal, Vol. 10, No. 2, 153-182. 1967. Web. 22 March 2011.

Industrial Relations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Industrial Relations - Assignment Example omprehensively covered and provided for at the federal level under the Fair Work Act 2009, which provided for the formation of the Fair Work Commission as the body regulating labor in Australia (Cooper & Ellem, 2009:287). The legislation aimed at replacing numerous state labor laws that were established by different states individually, which did not balance or provide for the requirements of the workers equitably. Nevertheless, this legislation did not take over all the labor responsibilities from the territorial and the state authorities. It only took the responsibility of regulating some of the labor functions nationwide, while leaving some of the labor functions such as safety and health of the workers, workers compensation and workers leave being regulated at both the territorial and the state levels (FWC, 2014:n.p.). However, it is important to understand that the provisions of the Fair Work Act 2009 as regulated at the federal level overrides all the other provisions of different laws enacted both at the territorial and the state levels. This is because this legislation seeks to have the control of the whole labor force field in general (Sheldon, 2008:236). Despite this law being the primary labor law in Australia, there are certain aspects of the labor that are exempted from the coverage of the law. In this respect, the roles of the Australian Fair Work Commission as provided under the Fair Work Act 2009 include: Under the function of the creating fair work places, the role of the Australian Fair Work Commission is to set the minimum wages and minimum work conditions that must be met by the employers (Australia gov.au., 2014:n.p.). In doing this, the Fair Work Commission serves to create a safety net where the employees are protected in terms of the remuneration they receive from the employers, by ensuring that all employers are providing wages that are in line with the set minimum wage requirement. This way, the Australian Fair Work Commission makes

Social Work In Livelihoods And Social Entrepreneurship Sociology Essay

Social Work In Livelihoods And Social Entrepreneurship Sociology Essay Livelihood in every day discourse refers to the means by which people make a living; it is the means to secure the basic necessities of life. A livelihood comprises the capabilities, assets and activities required for a means of living (DFID, 1999). The UK Department of international Development (1999) United Nations Development Programme (2010) adopts the definition given by Chambers Conroy (1991): A Livelihood comprises the capabilities, assets (including both material and social resources) and activities required for a means of living. A livelihood is sustainable when it can cope with and recover from stress and shocks and maintain or enhance its capabilities and assets both now and in the future, while not undermining the natural resource base. People require a range of livelihood assets to achieve positive livelihood outcomes and no single category of assets on its own is sufficient to yield all the many and varied outcomes that people seek. (The Sustainable Livelihood Framework, DFID). This framework identifies five main capitals or asset categories upon which livelihoods are built (Human capital, Social capital, Natural capital, Physical capital and financial capital), possession or right to use and manage these assets is necessary for a positive livelihood outcome of an individual or household. The ability to access, control, and own productive livelihood assets such as land, labour, finance, and social capital facilitate people in creating firm and productive livelihood outcomes (Meinzen-Dick et al. 2011). Assets have a constructive impact on livelihood security, it affects livelihood through different channels. Assets may: directly impact well-being through the increased status and empowerment that asset ownership con veys; facilitate different members of the household to opt different livelihood strategies; provides a safety net against shocks; and reinforces household members positions in the broader community and inside the household in terms of decisions over how income is used up or invested (Meinzen-Dick et al. 2011). The patterns of asset ownership are integral to livelihood choices that decide how commodities are marketed or consumed within a household. Assets can be used in varying ways to generate income through rents, interest on savings, and profits in business activities, assets also make possible participation of the individual or household in financial markets, like banking facilities which can be used as collateral for credit. (Swaminathan et al. 2012). The function of assets is significant since it can be sold or used as a security for credit to survive with the undesired or unwanted effects of economic shocks. By providing aid to income diversification of a household, assets als o reinforce households capacity to deal with, and counter negative shocks (Quisumbing, 2008, Cited in Swaminathan et al. 2012). When it comes to women, As culturally based expectations of the roles, responsibilities and behaviours of women and men are assigned to men and women in the society, and as society sees women primarily in gender stereotyped roles, it is important to analyse livelihoods from a gender perspective and to see how far women are able to access these resources to sustain their livelihood. In general, men and women have different levels of control and assess to the resources required for livelihood. Womens work choices are to a great extent limited by a multiple factors such as access to education, family expectations, gendered roles and responsibilities and the overall livelihood approach of the household (Basu and Thomas 2009). Gender inequality is present and apparent throughout developed and developing societies in varying forms and degrees. Women in general and poor women in particular, are underprivileged of basic economic opportunities and rights which are commonly available to men. There exist a large inequalities and disparities between men and women in terms of access to basic facilities, such as nutrition, health and education, as well as access to employment and possession of various income generating resources (Chavan 2008). Not only unequally distribution of assets between rich and poor exist, there exist an unequal distribution of assets between men and women, at the national level as well as within communities and households (Deere and Doss, 2006, cited in Meinzen-Dick. et al, 2011). Research shows that within households, assets are not always pooled, but rather can be held individually by men, women, and children (Haddad et al. 1997, Cited in Meinzen-Dick et al. 2011, p 3). Who within a household has the access to which resources and for what purposes is determined both by the larger socio cultural context and by intra household distribution regulations (Meinzen-Dick et al. 2011). Different allocation of the resources among man and women is determined by the larger socio cultural context, and women in general are deprived of economically productive resources. Asset ownership by women can have a positive impact on their status and bargaining power, and thereby enhance individual and household well-being (Swaminathan et al. 2012, p 60). While women may have greater ownership of certain types of assets as compared to men, a growing body of empirical evidence shows that women typically have fewer overall assets than men (Meinzen-Dick et al. 2011, p 4). Agriculture is one of the major sources of livelihood for many man and women in many developing countries. It is a critical productive asset in agrarian country, on the other hand, women are deprived of ownership rights and control land and lesser number of women has direct access to land in their own right (Velayudhan 2009). In India, landownership by women is not more than 2% (Agarwal, 1994, Cited in Velayudhan 2009, p 74). An Inter-national Centre for Research on Women (ICRW, 2006) study found that of 402 surveyed women in Kerala, 36% owned property (land or house) while in West Bengal, this figure was 35% in a sample of 450 women(Swaminathan et al. 2012, p 60). A survey of 400 households conducted in four districts in Karnataka in 2001 found that women in households that owned land had access to land, but rarely had ownership rights to it (Brown et al 2002, Cited in Swaminathan et al. 2012, p 60). The research conducted by in Karnataka, India Hema, Suchitra, and Lahoti (2011) shows gendered ownership of assets among man and women, where jewellery was the common and only asset directly owned by women. In Karnataka Women do not own assets by themselves; they co-own assets with some or all household members. Jewellery is the only asset that they own individually and which shows a reverse gender gap. Since jewellery is often pawned or sold during economic crises, it leaves women asset less and more vulnerable even as it provides a coping strategy for households (Swaminathan et al. 2012, p 65). Seeing at the limitations in access, ownership and control of assets by women there is less probability for women to convert these assets into livelihood opportunities, especially when women do not own and manage them. When livelihood is concerned, access to banking services is one important area. There exist gender disparities between man and women when it comes to banking services. While basic banking services are spreading in India, women are largely deprived of the basic banking service. In India, the available data till 2006 show that women at large remain considerably deprived of basic banking services as compared to men (Chavan 2008, p 18). If we consider credit supplied, only about 12 per cent of the individual bank loan accounts belonged to women in 2006; in the same year, women constituted about half of Indias population (48.4 per cent).The remaining 88 per cent of the individual bank loan accounts were held by men (Chavan 2008, p 18). Also The substantial growth in women-members of self-help groups has not meant any major change in the access of women to banking (Chavan 2008, p 18). Another research done by Meenakshi, Vani, Manojit (2011) by examining the National Sample Survey Organisa tion unit record data pertaining to debt and investment (59th round) shows that the relatively weaker sections such as self employed female headed households have much less access to credit both from formal and informal sources. Gender is found to play a very significant role for both amount of income earned as well as the likelihood of an individual being employed. Women in India are found to have a 12 per cent lower likelihood of being employed than men. But even among the employed, female annual incomes are likely to be lower by 36 per cent than otherwise similar males (Bhandari and Bordoloi 2006, p 3895). Which shows the very fact that there exist gendered discrimination in labor market. Gender also plays a crucial role in distribution and division of labor, in the research conducted by Neetu C, Parthasarathy D (2007) in two villages in Nanded, Maharastra, India, reveals the clear cut division of labor between men and women. Women were found generally to execute tasks which require so-called feminine endurance and patience. Almost households works were performed by women irrespective of whether they work and earn outside or not which shows the roles and responsibilities assigned to women defined by the l arger socio cultural context and by the household. And even among wage workers, they were paid less as compared to male counterparts for similar work. From various angles women are subjugated limiting their opportunities for livelihood, and the general scenario of women is grim as far as their livelihoods are concerned, starting from assets ownership, opportunities to work, gendered assigned role and responsibilities limiting them to house hold works, access to credits from banking institutions etc and one important aspect is that shocks like Divorce or death of a husband can lead to women losing their assets especially in cases where marriage is governed under customary laws that do not protect womens right to property (Peterman 2010, cited in Meinzen-Dick et al. 2011, p 11). So there is high chance of women being vulnerable with limited resources when they are single and heading a house alone. It is in this context that the study of the widows affected by armed conflict is being proposed; they are very vulnerable group, their husband or spouses had died in encounters by the state police or Army or killed by non state actors. These widows are those struggling to survive without their husband. After the sock of their husbands death these widows in Manipur are struggling hard for their childrens future, fighting against the stigma and isolation of a young widow of a suspected man (Lierde 2011). Meanwhile, the state, which has abdicated its responsibilities on all fronts, treats them as garbage, as trouble makers, as bad elements who must watch their step and, above all, need not to bother to turn to the state for a widows pension or for support for their fatherless children (Lierde 2011, p 14). Seeing the vulnerability women face in general and this section of women in particular the research proposes to study livelihoods, their vulnerabilities and the gender constrains. A brief review of literature Manipur in general the most important employment generating institution is the government institutions, due to lesser number of formal private sectors in the market, mostly people opt for informal sector for their livelihood, and farm based activities, so the literature review section will be mainly on informal sector and womens livelihood. There is little information in the literature about the day-to-day activities of women in the informal labor market (Basu and Thomas 2009, p 234). Dramatic reductions in trade barriers during the past 10 years have caused unprecedented economic growth in India. Little is known about the impact of globalization on the informal labor market, especially the impact on women (Basu and Thomas 2009, p 231). The National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganized Sector (NCEUS) (2007) reports that roughly 79 per cent of informal sector workers earn less than Rs.20 (less than $0.5) per day, making them the most vulnerable group in the economy (Basu and Thomas 2009, p 231). There is a high chance for Women to work in informal sector, like in Manipur majority of the street vendors are women, and there is an specific market for women vendors called Ima keithel (Ima is a vernacular word which means mother, and keithel means market) and women are also be likely to be segregated into the lower segments of the informal labor market, which are characterized by lower earnings and a high risk of poverty (Basu and Thomas 2009). The informal sec tor offers employment to a large proportion of the populations of developing countries, including India. This is particularly true for women since the informal sector, and home-based work specifically, offer poor women their best opportunity for work. This is because it provides the flexibility in work hours and location that they require to incorporate market work into their actual family work burdens as well as into the social norms regulating womens economic participation (Kantor 2002, p 285). A key constrain to women, in particular, for employability in the formal sector is lack of education, and also womens conventional function within the household limits the opportunity and keeps them in the informal sector (Basu and Thomas 2009). (Kantor 2002) pointed there major women exclusive constrains in their economic opportunities, first is the limited mobility, which comes from the border socio cultural and traditional context and reinforced by gendered roles assigned to women within the household. This has serious implication limiting womens economic potential; second is the womens more demanding role in the family as compared to man. Limited mobility effects women directly and indirectly in their economic progress, directly they are more likely to work in the home or near the vicinity of her home because of their assigned house hold works, and indirectly limiting economic success because of the work burden on the time, energy, and concentration levels they can apply to the market; third is the gendered division of labor in productive work which limits the number of opportunities to work available to women. Issue of female headed households (BuviniĆ¡ and Gupta 1997) pointed out the problems with defining and measuring female headed households, first is the use of different definitions of both the term household and head of household by different countries in their census instruments. Second is the ambiguity inherent in the term head of household when the headship is assigned by the judgement of the household members which may differ across culture and geography, The third and perhaps most serious limitation is that the term head of household is not neutral. It is loaded with additional meanings that reflect a traditional emphasis on households as undifferentiated units with a patriarchal system of governance and no internal conflicts in the allocation of resources (Nancy F 1990, Cited in BuviniĆ¡ and Gupta 1997). Three situations in which results in emergence of female-heads: (a) The broad range of domestic situations generally characterised by the absence of a resident male head, viz, widowhood, divorce, separation and desertion. (b) Male migration for long periods generally for economic activities living behind wives, and (c) resident male losing economic function due to severe unemployment, disability, illness etc (Buvinic Youssef 1978, Cited in Lingam 1994, p 699). Women who head households are triply disadvantaged as they experience the burdens of poverty, gender discrimination, and nonexistence of support as heads of household (BuviniĆ¡ and Gupta 1997). Female headed household and poverty (BuviniĆ¡ and Gupta 1997) pointed out the relation of female headed household and poverty: Here the main earners of female-headed families are by default women, who have lower average earnings as compared to men, they possess fewer or no assets at all which is economically productive, and limited access to remunerative jobs and employment. This gendered economic gap adds to the economic vulnerability of female-headed families. Combined with household structure and gendered differences in economic opportunity, make the female headed household leading to poverty. Rationale of the study Women being one of the vulnerable group in the society, and the group that the researcher is studying have lost their daily bread earner which makes them more vulnerable. Most literature has spoken about violence inflicted towards women in Manipur and less about their vulnerability and livelihoods insecurity. The research could be a useful insight on livelihood intervention programs by various agencies giving and insight about the realities faced by the widows affected by armed conflict in sustaining their livelihoods. Objectives of the study To study the livelihood pattern of widows affected by armed conflict To study the livelihoods vulnerability experienced the widows affected by armed conflict. To ascertain how gender constrains limits the opportunity of their livelihood. The response of state and non state agencies towards them concerning to their livelihood. Conceptual frame work Many approach or theoretical framework to analyze and to understand vulnerability and livelihoods has been developed and most of them attempt to understand peoples vulnerability to disaster specifically. The approaches take disaster/hazard vulnerabilities as the starting point and seeing livelihoods as an aspect of the problem (Twigg 2001) During late 1980s and early 1990s two important conceptual models to analyze vulnerability were developed to understand vulnerability to disaster and from reducing it. One is the capacities and vulnerability framework analysis which basically is a simple matrix for viewing peoples vulnerabilities and capacities in three broad interrelated areas. i.e. physical/material, social/organizational and motivational/attitudinal. In this model livelihoods is covered into physical/motivational category, which shows livelihood not in the center of discussion, if livelihoods has to be analyzed the model needs to develop specific indicator. Second is the pressure and release model of two opposing forces, on one side the progression of vulnerability i.e. root causes, dynamic pressure and unsafe condition, and on one side hazard which leads to vulnerability. Both of these attempts to address vulnerability towards disaster, and livelihood is not the prime focus (Twigg 2001). So for this particular study, the student/researcher will use the Sustainable Livelihood Framework to analyze the vulnerability and livelihood. The sustainable livelihood framework or SL framework begins with a development standpoint and puts livelihoods at the centre of the analysis, which is fitting with the proposed study. This framework takes into account all kinds of vulnerability as part of the context in which livelihoods are shaped or influenced. C:UsersKulajitDesktopsf.gif Sources: http://www.fao.org/docrep/007/y5808e/y5808e07.gif The SL framework begins with the vulnerability context in which people live and the five livelihood assets that people posses, then it takes into account how changing structures and processes which in turn generates livelihood strategies. Livelihood strategies is the basic coping skill or strategy people adopt within this three context, i.e. vulnerability, assets people own and the transforming structures and processes and finally the livelihood outcome which in turn affects the livelihood assets. The proposed study is located within the Sustainable Livelihood Framework, it seeks to examine the relationship between the widow, their livelihoods, and how this this is conditioned by the various livelihood assets or capital which is also determined by the broder socio cultural and political structures, as well as the study will also look into the institutional mechanism (both state and NGOs) impacting them in their livelihoods. The conceptual frame work of the study is outlined as follows: Through this framework it will take into account the vulnerability context within which these widows live, like shocks after the death of their husband, trends like the ongoing armed conflict and the trends in the governance and politics of Manipur, which in turns have impact on the strengths and capacities in the form of livelihood assets, like in a highly patriarchal society where land rights are denied to the women, death of the husband can lead women asset less which in turn may limit their livelihood opportunities. The transforming structures and process which include laws and policies and NGOs support which also affects their assets base. Within these three contexts which affects their livelihood base this frame work will look into the livelihood strategies they adopt and finally the livelihood outcome Methodology of the research The area of study will be in Imphal which is the capital of Manipur, the student is selecting this particular area because Manipur has been witnessing armed conflict for decades with the emergence of armed self determination movement during late 40s and the approach of Indian State by imposing laws like AFSPA 1958 has only worsen the situation. The situation has turned into an ugly face with many ethnic based armed groups emerging with their own agendas. This has disrupted many in all aspects of their lives, and it is because of this ongoing armed conflict these widows have been generated and within this context the research will study the livelihood of widows affected by armed conflict. By widows of the gun, It refers to those widows whose husband or spouses have died in encounter killings by state forces/army or by the armed non state actors. The universe of the research will be the widows affected by armed conflict registered in an Imphal based NGO named Manipur Women Gun Survivors Network which is working for the widows affected by armed conflict, As the researcher has time constrain with regard to data collection the area of research is limited to Imphal and the sample size will be 10 to 15 widows. Sampling will be done using simple random sampling so that individuals have the same probability of being chosen at any stage during the sampling process. The proposed research will be a qualitative one. This is because the study of the livelihood vulnerability, these particular group faces will require a lot of observations on the part of the researcher and the data will have to be gathered through observing the norms and the life activities of the respondents. Unstructured in-depth interviewing technique will be used to interview the respondents about their perceptions and views regarding their day-to-day livelihood activities. Through this interview, the overall nature of the vulnerabilities and the risks that the widows of the gun face will be ascertained. Though the in-depth interviews will be individual interviews, it will take into context the broader socio cultural and the household context of the individuals. Limitations of the research As the research is a MA Research Dissertation which is a part of the course curriculum, the outcomes of the study will be indicative and cannot be generalised.

Having a child with a disability Essay -- essays research papers

When Andy was born I was the happiest woman on Earth. When I saw his beautiful face and his tiny body I cried, I will never forget that moment. We stayed in the hospital for three days. That first night back from the hospital Andy didn’t do anything but cry all night long. I did not know what to do, this was my first child, and I didn’t know how to calm him down. I called the Doctor and he explained to me that this was the normal behavior for a first born child, and he just needed to adjust to the new environment. I would give Andy his milk, change his diaper, hold him, sing to him, but nothing would stop Andy’s crying. We didn’t much sleep. That week my husband had to work so I had to deal with Andy by myself, which was frustrating. Finally after about a week Andy gave up some. His dad couldn’t even get close to him because he would start crying again, because Andy couldn’t be held or fed by anyone but me. I had to spend every minute of the day with him to the point that I had to put a mattress in his room so I could get some sleep. I slept in his room for a whole year. There weren’t a lot of changes in Andy’s behavior during that year. The Doctor didn’t know what was wrong with him, and I didn’t know what I was going to do. Taking care of Andy was a full time job for me. Ever since Andy was born my whole life style changed. My husband, Jack, started working long hours because he didn’t want to stay at home and deal with Andy. I couldn’t go out by myself or with my friends anymore. I had to take Andy with me everywhere I went. Basically, I didn’t have a social life anymore. My relationship with my husband was also going down the drain because we never spent any quality time together. My whole life was a big mess at that Cabarcas 2 point, but whenever I saw Andy’s face he made my heart smile. Andy was a year old and he didn’t talk much I got worried, but the Doctor told me to wait a few more months because boy’s take a little bit longer than girls to start talking, so I did. In despite of all the frustration and despair I always showed Andy a lot of love. My husband also realized that he was being selfish by leaving all the responsibility to me. He took some responsibility upon himself to take care of Andy so he could get closer to him. Andy was very aggressive sometimes and whenever his dad tried to touch him, he would get away from his dad and start run... ...ee and a half years. In the near future I want Andy to go to a specialized school for where he could learned more that what he already now until now. THE END I chose this disability because I have a friend who has an autistic child and I babysit for her sometimes. This child is a wonderful child I baby-sit him and his sister and the are so cute together I really love these kids. I don’t charge their mom any money to take care of them; I just like to spend time with them. Al l this kid likes is to go outside and play, and when he’s tired he just comes to me, takes my hand and shows me what he wants. He is talking a lot more now that what he did a year ago. He is a child that I admire because he has come such a long way and has overcome many obstacles. I really liked writing this Cabarcas 5 paper because I never put my self in that situation and it isn’t easy at all to deal with a disable child everyday of your life. That is a challenge that I don’t know if I’m ready to take. I was afraid to write this paper at the beginning because I was afraid that this could happen to me, but I leave everything in the hands of God. I say this because I’m pregnant now and anything could happen.

A Not-For-Profit Medical Research Center Essay

The sole aim of this report is for marketing and promotional purposes of the Not-for-Profit medical research center. There is an increasing interest in the reporting of Not-for-profit organizations However, annual reports are part of an overall strategy to communicate with stakeholders, to donors and users, and can help foster public trust and build community and government  support. It also helps build organization reputation, and can be a key means of reaching new donors, partners, volunteers and sponsors. ORGANIZATIONAL PURPOSE The Not-for-Profit medical research center is an organization engage on research, on diseases regarding aging. The Organization relies on raised funds from varying sources, including public, individual and the federal government. USERS OF OUR REPORT/STAKEHOLDER The users of our Report range from the stakeholders, to past donors including future donors. MISSION/VISION Our vision is a world free from aging diseases. We research into diseases related to aging. The Not-for-Profit medical research center is committed to produce a shorter, simpler and easy to read report that can be used for marketing and promotional purposes, to have it mailed to the stakeholders, past donors and high potential future donors. This is our vision and mission for our future outlook. STRATEGY Not-for-profit medical research center continuously collect data from patients, parents etc. And identify issues and make adjustments to our methods based on user/stakeholders demand. 1 Our strategy is aimed at determining long term goals and objectives which will strengthen our relationship with stakeholders, encourage our past and future donors and subsequently improve our organization. We have identified stakeholder needs and we have set certain machineries and strategies in place to achieve optimum satisfaction. We work closely with stakeholders and staffs to create the strategic plan that define our vision. We will continue to find new ways to obtain acceptable results on aging diseases and guarantee users satisfaction. The communication strategy we developed and implemented have been of benefit to our users, stakeholders and donors. We will expand our effort to improve our objectives. Due to our obvious progress, individuals, public and government have been very reliant on funding and support. GOALS AND PERFORMANCE Our goals and performance range from successful research regarding aging  diseases to our stakeholder’s satisfaction in past years. We have been funded by the general public, individuals, groups and government. And donations to our organization are without seizing, and we have effectively utilized the funds and donations to develop and improve on our research efforts. RISK OPPORTUNITIES Despite our fiscal strength, insufficient funding remains a primary area of concern to our organization. The Executive board of the Not-for-profit medical research center is very much aware of the high risk and potential impact on our organization if there are no increase in funding and donations from individuals, public and/or from government. So funding remains one of our top most priorities for continuous operation. FINANCIAL AND NON-FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHT Our patients and parents have testified how our products have impacted their lives. Through this means and outcome monitoring, we have identified critical elements to ensure success and stakeholders satisfaction. The Not-For-Profit medical research center financial outcomes are higher than average and our outcome measures, matched our goals for the year. 2 FUND RAISING METHODS AND OUTCOME The Not-For-Profit medical research center continues to experience strong and increase funding through generous donations. We raise funds that are used to run our programs and operations and our outcomes are measured far above average. OUTLOOK FOR THE FUTURE We will continue to provide solutions to aging diseases through our research and products and thus, improve our methods and performance. ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE AND LEADERSHIP Our staffs consist of Grace, a marketing specialist, Levi a writer/editor, Lakysha, a staff assistant and her husband who is a photographer. And we have Alexis as director of external affairs, and also the stakeholders. GOVERNANCE The Not-for-Profit medical research center board of directors are ultimately responsible for governance, management and operations of the organization. The Board members bring personal experience to the table and are deeply committed to the aims and objectives of the organization. The Principal Director of the board is accountable both to the staffs and the Not-for -Profit medical research center and our product users. Activities, services and programs are executed by our staffs and volunteers, while administrative responsibilities are delegated to the executive directors. The identification and management of risk is also taken care of by the board. CONCLUSSION Our organization is a Not-for-Profit organization, and our research has been on aging diseases and the research center is reliant on funding and donations. Our annual Report possesses new and improved features with intent to show the benefit of the research center and impact on People’s lives. 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We acknowledge the support of stakeholders to the success of our programs, our past donors, patients and parents who are fans and users of our product and we are grateful to our team of experts/staffs who applied all necessary skills to achieve our great success. Our board of Directors are not left short of sincere gratitude and appreciation. REFERENCE Successful project management Gido & Clement 5th edition (Page 130-131) 4

Sexism In The House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros

Sexism is a challenge almost all women face. In a way, sexism can be beneficial because it can motivate women to defy societys standards and anything holding them back. However, in The House on Mango Street, author Sandra Cisneros, shows both sides of sexism, and how it can motivate women. Sexism can also make women give up and not accomplish anything. While Cisneros has the protagonist fight off sexism, Esperanza runs into many cases of sexism where the women just give up. Similarly, with The Help, author Kathryn Stockett, also shows both the positive and negative side of sexism. Skeeter, the protagonist fights off sexism to gain freedom, and in doing so she finds that all her friends don’t want to change the roles they have. Both†¦show more content†¦Esperanza says, â€Å"I put it down on paper and then the ghost does not ache so much. I write it down and Mango says goodbye sometimes. She does not hold me with both arms. She sets me free†( Cisneros 110). Espe ranza tries to reassure herself by writing down that she will leave. The reassurance writing gives Esperanza is a form of freedom to her. Esperanza just wants to leave Mango Street but still return. Alicia says to Esperanza, â€Å"You must remember to come back for the ones who cannot leave as easily as you† (Cisneros 105). Esperanza realizes she is special and uses her education to get out of Mango Street. When Esperanza returns to help the ones who cannot leave as easily she will bring education back with her to share with all the women so they can also be free. Esperanza uses writing to make herself feel free from the roles forced upon her. She uses education to actually set herself free from society and one day comes back and give the women what they need to escape. In addition to Esperanza facing societys standards for women, so did many of the women on Mango Street. In this time period, countless women are stuck in gender roles. Sally says, â€Å"He never hits me hard† (Cisneros 92). Sally’s father makes her feel belittled when he abuses her because it is socially acceptable to hit your own daughter. Her father makes it seem like she is less valued than a male. Esperanza talks about Sally, â€Å"But Sally doesn’t tell about that time he hit her with hisShow MoreRelatedThe House On Mango Street Analysis887 Words   |  4 Pagesproblems like discrimination, and sexism, which could be argued still prominent, but not as common as back then. The characters from the book The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros, and The Help by Kathryn Stockett lived in this time and therefore faced these problems which setup the main plots and themes in these two books. The characters and the books themselves are very similar, and deal wi th the main theme of oppression. Esperanza from The House on Mango Street is faced with many different obstaclesRead More Comparing Women in Raisin In the Sun, House On Mango Street, and Yellow Raft1510 Words   |  7 PagesRoles of Women in A Raisin In the Sun, The House On Mango Street, and A Yellow Raft In Blue Water      Ã‚  Ã‚   A Raisin In the Sun, The House On Mango Street, and A Yellow Raft In Blue Water all contain strong, defined images of women. These women control and are controlled. They are oppressed and liberated. Standing tall, they are confident and independent. Hunched low, they are vulnerable and insecure. They are grandmothers, aunts, mothers, wives, lovers, friends, sisters and children. AlthoughRead MoreCathy Queen Of Cats Racism Essay913 Words   |  4 PagesRacism is directly discussed in Esperanza’s neighborhood by describing how the outsiders see the Hispanic residents. The outsiders that have moved in or just happen to drive down the streets â€Å"Those who dont know any better come into our neighborhood scared. They think were dangerous. They think we will attack them with shiny knives.† (28). Before even meeting the people, the outsiders assume the residents are bad people ready to hurt others just from others discriminatory remarks. This, too, isRead MoreT he House On Mango Street Analysis1515 Words   |  7 Pagesfall into a cruel cycle of abuse, but with the help of others the cycle of abuse and poverty and status of inferiority can break. The House on Mango Street takes place some time in the 1980’s. While not long ago, women during that time face domination by men and most struggle to fight back, which can still be seen today. Most women become bounded to the house, afraid to leave. Young girls however have the pleasure of going to school and most, but not all have the opportunity to play around. Read MoreThe House On Mango Street2609 Words   |  11 Pageschallenging. Scout in Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird and Esperanza in Sandra Cisneros’ The House on Mango Street experience the ideological maturity toward womanhood while encountering problems most do not face until adulthood. Living in conservative Alabama where racial tension is high, Scout must learn to be compassionate when her father Atticus Finch defends African-American Tom Robinson against a white woman. Growing up on Mango Street, an impoverished neighborhood of Chicago, Esperanza faces being